مجله دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی کرمان
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 3، بهار 1393)

Maternal mortality ratio is a sensitive indicator of the development status of countries. This study was performed to determine factors associated with maternal mortality during 2006-2011, in Kerman province, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted using existing data of the maternal surveillance system of Kerman University of Medical Sciences during 2006-2011. Background and health related data, such as age, area of residence, type of delivery, birth attendant, period of death, place of death, place of delivery, and cause of death, were extracted. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis by STATA software. Average rate of maternal mortality ratio was 31.4 per 100,000 live births (84 cases). Eclampsia was the most prevalent cause of maternal death (21.4%), 17.9% of deaths were caused by hemorrhage, and 17.9% were due to underlying systemic disease. The risk of maternal death was significantly higher when birth was attended by unskilled personnel (95% confidence interval, IRR = 1.929 (2.758-1.349)), and in those with cesarean delivery (95% confidence interval, IRR = 1.414 (1.084-1.843)), and in births occurring at hospital (95% confidence interval, IRR = 1.387 (1.009-1.907).Discussion and According to the findings, the most important factors associated with maternal mortality were place of delivery, type of delivery, and birth attendant. The findings highlight the high vulnerability of pregnant women and preventive measures.

In the past 25 years, natural disasters have taken lives of almost 3 million people and caused about $23 billion of damages worldwide. Iran is one of the 10 most disaster-prone countries in the world, and lack of preparedness of hospitals and healthcare centers burdens the healthcare system with $280 million each year. In this study, the research environment consisted of all hospitals of Birjand (Emam Reza, Valiasr, and Social Security Hospitals) and cases were collected via census method from our research environment. Data were collected by means of a standard checklist consisting of 220 questions in 6 sections of equipment, human resources, physical environment, structure, protocols, and performance chart. The tool was validated through content validity and face validity methods. Moreover, reliability which was estimated by the Kappa test was estimated as good (0.8). SPSS software was used for the analysis of checklist results. Descriptive analysis of data is presented through frequency, frequency percentage, and mean and standard deviation. In general, the level of preparedness in terms of communication with a value of 28.51% was considered as weak. The admission, transfer and discharge, traffic, security, and management training, respectively, with values of 58.26, 43.45, 52.77, 49.07, 44.17, and 56.11% were measured as medium. However, the emergency, support, and staffing with values of 67.36, 66.41, and 60.92% were rated as good. The lowest and highest values were that of the communication and emergency sections, respectively. Altogether, the hospitals’ preparedness, with a value of 52.27%, is at a moderate level.Discussion and Birjand hospitals are in need of improvement in the areas of communication, admission, transfer and discharge, traffic, safety, training, and management, and appropriate decisions need to be made with regard to this issue.

Road traffic accidents are one of the major problems of public health and also one of the most important factors of mortality which leads to serious human and financial injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of avoidable deaths due to road accidents in Kerman province, Iran. The present study was a longitudinal survey. A checklist was applied for data collection. Avoidable deaths due to road accidents were examined in Kerman province between 2004 and 2010. The statistical population of this research consisted of all deaths from road accidents recorded in the statistics unit of the health deputy of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. They were all studied through a census method. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and analytical tests through SPSS software. In total, 1435 deaths were examined. Most cases were male (76.3%) and their average age was 34.5 ± 11.9. It was shown that the number of deaths among women and men were 34 and 1095 deaths, respectively. Findings show that, during this time period, deaths have increased 6% and 5% among males and females, respectively. Discussion and Considering the increasing trend of road traffic deaths, their prevention can improve health system performance. Therefore, reducing road traffic deaths requires taking coordinated actions in all related sectors.

The emergency medical services (EMS) center is a community-centered prehospital center which has been coordinated with the entire health care system. The employees are the most important asset of this center. This study aimed to investigate occupational stress rate and its relation with quality of life among employees of Kerman’s EMS center, Iran. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 200 employees of Kerman’s EMS center in 2013. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test, and regression test and SPSS software. In the employees of the EMS center, mean and standard deviation of job stress was 89.35 ± 5.4, which was at a moderate level. No significant relationship was observed between job stress and gender, marital status and having a second job. Mean and standard deviation of quality of life in the employees was 87.9 ± 4.5 which was at a high level. There was a strong negative relationship between job stress and quality of life.Discussion and Reducing job stress can increase the employee’s quality of life. Most stressors were related to how administrators support and make changes in the organization. Therefore, it is recommended that managers support their employees more and consult them on changes made in the work place in order to reduce stress and enhance their quality of life.

Medication errors are influential on patientsf safety and expenses during hospitalization and often have hazardous consequences for patients. Since the clinical experience of nursing students is limited, they may unintentionally be exposed to medication errors. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the barriers of reporting medication errors among nursing students of Azad Islamic and Medical Sciences Universities of Zahedan, Iran. The present study was a descriptive-analytical and comparative research which was carried out in 2013. A sample of 188 students was selected with a simple random sampling approach. The 17-item questionnaire on lack of reporting medication errors from nursing students viewpoints was employed for data collection. Data analysis was carried out using t-test and descriptive statistics through SPSS software. The mean scores of fear of the consequences of reporting errors, and managerial factors of medication errors among nursing students of Medical Sciences University and Azad Islamic University were 38.28} 7.58 and 14.30} 3.73, and 34.25 9.95 and 12.72 4.39, respectively. The results of t-test indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P. 0.05). Discussion and Medical errors are one of the major problems in health care centers. This study suggests that the method of reducing and controlling these errors is based upon using a systematic approach for the evaluation and removal of these factors, and designing a system to increase reporting of medication errors among nursing students.

Work and family are source of tranquillity and if a balance is not maintained between these two, the pleasure, happiness, and peace of human beings will be lost. This is an irreplaceable loss. Regarding the importance of nurse's role in the health system, the present study aimed to study the relationship between work-family balance and quality of life of nurses working at teaching hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The present study is a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study which was carried out on 306 nurses working at 3 teaching hospitals of Kerman. The stratified sampling method was used and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software. Nurses spend more time on their work than their family and they gained more satisfaction from their family life than their work. This suggests the imbalance between the two dimensions of time balance and satisfaction balance in nurses. This imbalance has resulted in a decrease in quality of life of the studied nurses. Nurse's involvement in work and life, as the third component of the work-life balance concept, was balanced and it did not indicate a significant correlation with quality of life. Nurses experiencing less work-family conflict and more stress in their life had higher levels of quality of life. Discussion and Nurses are exposed to the negative outcomes of work-life imbalance more than other groups of employees. Therefore, paying attention to managing work and family demands, with the aim of improving nurses’ quality of life, has great importance. Hence, designing a plan which defines the main components of work-family balance among various groups of hospital staff, including nurses, should be prioritized by Iran’s health system policy makers.

Health volunteers are an inseparable part of the health workforce in most developed countries. Many organizations are unable to provide their services appropriately particularly in case of accidents and unexpected crises without the attendance of these volunteers. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between motivational factors and satisfaction of health volunteers at the time of unexpected crisis. This descriptive-correlative study was conducted in 2011. The statistical population of the study consisted of all health volunteers of Kerman province, Iran, of whom 360 were selected using a random stratified sampling approach. The data gathering instruments were the Motivational Factors Questionnaire and the Galindo-Kuhn and Guzley questionnaire on satisfaction. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for testing of hypotheses. Among the motivational factors, the purposeful (mean = 3.88) and financial factors (mean = 2.72) had the highest and the lowest averages, respectively. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between all the motivational factors (occupational, financial, progress, purposive, commitment, social, and support) and satisfaction. The Purposeful and financial factors had the most (r = 0.6) and the least (r = 0.43) correlation with volunteer's satisfaction, respectively. Discussion and The result of this research shows that in order to recruit more volunteers in the health sector, it is necessary to place more emphasis on commitment and purposive motivational factors. It is hoped that the satisfaction and retention of volunteers be improved as a result of the improvement of each motivational factor.

Primary health care (PHC) plays a central role in health system reforms of countries across the world, particularly developing countries. PHC teams are considered as one of the key principals for developing these services. This study aimed to identify the facilitators and inhibitors of the effective function of these teams. The current study was a review article, in which relevant articles were extracted from credible databases and studied. Foreign and domestic databases were searched using suitable keywords about effective facilitators and inhibitors of the health team function. The results were presented in descriptive tables after careful investigation and specified classifications. Most important facilitators of the effective function of PHC teams were: clear goals, presence of administrative and clinical systems, labor division, geographical proximity, training, effective communication, conflict solution, integration, participation, job attraction and satisfaction, workplace, career, empathy, professional size and mix, stability, organizational support, encouragement for innovation, regular meetings, performance evaluation system and feedback, competition, leadership, and mutual trust. Furthermore, the most important inhibitors of health teams’ effective function were: inefficient leadership, poor communication, poor decision making, ambiguous goals, destructive conflict, unclear roles, inharmonious team mix, inappropriate rewarding mechanisms, and insufficient knowledge of team members. Discussion and Planning workshops, public empowerment, and promoting intersectoral collaboration with emphasis on facilitators and inhibitors of teams’ effective function are suggested in order to improve team work in the health sector.